Zviyero zvinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa kutengeserana zvinoiswa muzvikamu zvezviyero zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa nehurumende zvichienderana nemutemo. Izvi zvinosanganisira zviyero zvecrane, zviyero zvidiki zvebhenji, zviyero zvepuratifomu, uye zvigadzirwa zvechikero cherori. Chero chipi zvacho chinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa kutengeserana chinofanira kuongororwa; zvikasadaro, zvirango zvinogona kupihwa. Kuongororwa kunoitwa zvichienderana neJJG 539-2016Mutemo wekusimbisayeZviyero Zvinoratidza Dhijitari, izvo zvinogona kushandiswawo pakusimbiswa kwezvikero zverori. Zvisinei, kune mumwe mutemo wekusimbisa wakanangana nezvikero zverori zvinogona kutaurwa nezvazvo:JJG 1118-2015Mutemo wekusimbisayeZvemagetsiZviyero zveRori(Nzira yeLoad Cell)Sarudzo pakati pezviviri izvi inoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo ezvinhu, kunyange hazvo kazhinji kusimbiswa kunoitwa zvichienderana neJJG 539-2016.
MuJJG 539-2016, tsananguro yezvikero ndeiyi inotevera:
MuMutemo uyu, izwi rekuti "chiyero" rinoreva rudzi rwechishandiso chekuyera chisiri chega (NAWI).
Nheyo: Kana mutoro waiswa pa load receptor, weighing sensor (load cell) inogadzira chiratidzo chemagetsi. Chiratidzo ichi chinozoshandurwa uye kugadziriswa nemudziyo wekugadzirisa data, uye mhedzisiro yekuyera inoratidzwa nemudziyo unoratidza.
Maumbirwo: Chikero ichi chine load receptor, load cell, uye weighing indicator. Chingave che integral construction kana modular construction.
Kushandiswa: Zviyero izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa pakuyera zvinhu, uye zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutengeserana, zviteshi zvengarava, nhandare dzendege, nzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu nemidziyo, kugadzira simbi, pamwe chete nemumabhizinesi emaindasitiri.
Mhando dzezviyero zvedhijitari zvinoratidza: Zviyero zvebhenji remagetsi uye zvepuratifomu (zvinozivikanwa pamwe chete sezviyero zvebhenji remagetsi/puratifomu), zvinosanganisira: Zviyero zvekushandisa pakuverenga mitengo, Zviyero zvekuyera chete, Zviyero zvebhakhodi, Kuverenga zviyero, Zviyero zvekupatsanurana kwakawanda, Zviyero zvepakati penguva dzakawanda nezvimwewo;Zvikero zvemagetsi zvecrane, zvinosanganisira: Zvikero zvehoko, Zvikero zvehoko zvinorembera, Zvikero zvecrane zvinofamba pamusoro, Zvikero zveMonorail nezvimwewo;Zviyero zvemagetsi zvakagadziriswa, zvinosanganisira: Zviyero zvemagetsi zvepit, Zviyero zvemagetsi zvakaiswa pamusoro, Zviyero zvemagetsi zvehopper nezvimwewo.
Hapana mubvunzo kuti zvishandiso zvikuru zvekuyera zvakaita sepit scales kana truck scales ndezvechikamu che fixed electronic scales, uye nekudaro zvinogona kusimbiswa zvichienderana neMutemo wekusimbisayeZviyero Zvinoratidza Dhijitari(JJG 539-2016). Kune zvikero zvidiki, kurodha nekuburitsa huremu hwakajairika kuri nyore. Zvisinei, kune zvikero zvikuru zvinoyera 3 × 18 metres kana zvine huremu hunopfuura matani zana, kushanda kunova kwakaoma zvikuru. Kunyatsotevedzera maitiro ekusimbisa eJJG 539 kunounza matambudziko makuru, uye zvimwe zvinodiwa zvingave zvisingaite. Kune zvikero zverori, kuongororwa kwekushanda kwemetrological kunosanganisira zvinhu zvishanu: Kururama kweZero-set uye kururama kwetara., Mutoro wepakati (mutoro uri kunze kwepakati), Kuyera, Kuyera mushure metare, Kudzokororwa uye rusarura. Pakati peizvi, mutoro usingawanzoitiki, kuyera, kuyera mushure mekare, uye kudzokorora zvinotora nguva yakawanda.Kana maitiro acho akatevedzerwa zvakasimba, zvingasaita kuti kupedziswa kwekuongorora chikero chimwe chete cherori mukati mezuva rimwe chete. Kunyangwe kana kudzokorora kwakanaka, zvichibvumira kudzikiswa kwehuwandu hwehuremu hwekuyedza uye kutsiva zvishoma, maitiro acho anoramba akaoma.
7.1 Zvishandiso Zvakajairika zvekusimbisa
7.1.1 Zviyero Zvakajairika
7.1.1.1 Zviyero zvakajairwa zvinoshandiswa pakusimbisa zvinofanira kutevedzera zvinodiwa zvemetrological zvakataurwa muJG99, uye zvikanganiso zvavo hazvifanirwe kudarika 1/3 yezvikanganiso zvakanyanya zvinobvumidzwa pamutoro unoenderana sezvakatsanangurwa muTafura 3.
7.1.1.2 Huwandu hwehuremu hwakajairika huchakwana kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekusimbisa chikero.
7.1.1.3 Zvimwe zviyero zvakajairika zvinofanira kupihwa kuti zvishandiswe pamwe chete nenzira ye intermittent load point kubvisa zvikanganiso zvekutenderera.
7.1.2 Kutsiva Zviyero Zvakajairwa
Kana chikero chasimbiswa panzvimbo yacho, chinja zvimwe zvinhu (zvimwe zvinhu)
ine huremu hwakagadzikana uye hunozivikanwa) inogona kushandiswa kutsiva chikamu chechiyero
huremu:
Kana kugona kudzokororwa kwechikero ichipfuura 0.3e, huremu hwehuremu hwakajairika hunoshandiswa hunofanira kunge huri chikamu chimwe chete muzvina chehuremu hwakanyanya;
Kana kugona kudzokororwa kwechikero ichi kwakakura kupfuura 0.2e asi kusingapfuure 0.3e, huremu hwehuremu hwakajairika hunoshandiswa hunogona kuderedzwa kusvika pa 1/3 yehukuru hwechikero chikuru;
Kana kugona kudzokororwa kwechikero ichi kusingapfuure 0.2e, huremu hwehuremu hwakajairika hunoshandiswa hunogona kuderedzwa kusvika 1/5 yehukuru hwechikero chikuru.
Kudzokororwa kwataurwa pamusoro apa kunotsanangurwa nekushandisa mutoro weinenge hafu yehukuru hwechikero chepamusoro (zvingave huremu hwakajairika kana chero humwe huremu hune huremu hwakagadzikana) kune load receptor katatu.
Kana kudzokorora kuri mukati me 0.2e–0.3e / 10–15 kg, huwandu hwematani makumi matatu nematatu ehuremu hwakajairika hunodiwa. Kana kudzokorora kuri pamusoro pe 15 kg, saka matani makumi mashanu ehuremu anodiwa. Zvingave zvakaoma kuti sangano rekuongorora riunze matani makumi mashanu ehuremu panzvimbo iyi kuti zviongororwe. Kana matani makumi maviri ehuremu akaunzwa chete, zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti kudzokorora kwechikero che 100-ton hakupfuuri 0.2e / 10 kg. Kana kudzokorora kwe 10 kg kuchigona kuwanikwa zvechokwadi hazvina chokwadi, uye munhu wese anogona kuva neruzivo rwematambudziko anoshanda. Uyezve, kunyangwe huwandu hwese hwehuremu hwakajairika hunoshandiswa hwakaderedzwa, mitoro yekutsiva inofanira kuwedzerwa zvakaenzana, saka huwandu hwese hwemiedzo hunoramba hwakachinja.
1. Kuedzwa kweMapoinzi ekuyera
Pakuongorora kuyera, nzvimbo shanu dzakasiyana dzekutakura dzinofanira kusarudzwa. Izvi zvinofanirwa kusanganisira kugona kwechiyero chidiki, kugona kwechiyero chikuru, uye kukosha kwemutoro zvinoenderana nekuchinja kwekukanganisa kwakanyanya kunobvumidzwa, kureva, nzvimbo dzepakati dzekururama: 500e na2000e. Pachikero cherori che100-ton, apo e = 50 kg, izvi zvinoenderana ne: 500e = 25 t, 2000e = 100 t. Poindi ye2000e inomiririra kugona kukuru kwechiyero, uye kuyedza kungave kwakaoma mukuita. Uyezve,kuyera mushure metarezvinoda kudzokorora kuongororwa panzvimbo dzese shanu dzekuisa zvinhu. Usarerutsa basa riripo munzvimbo shanu dzekutarisa—basa chairo rekuisa zvinhu nekuburitsa zvinhu rakakura kwazvo.
2. Bvunzo reMutoro weEccentric
7.5.11.2 Mutoro weEccentric uye Nzvimbo
a) Kune zviyero zvine mapoinzi ekutsigira anopfuura mana (N > 4): Mutoro unoshandiswa panzvimbo yega yega yekutsigira unofanirwa kuenzana ne1/(N–1) yehukuru hwepamusoro hwechikero. Zviremu zvinofanirwa kuiswa zvakatevedzana pamusoro penzvimbo yega yega yekutsigira, mukati menzvimbo inenge yakaenzana ne1/N yemugamuchiri wemutoro. Kana nzvimbo mbiri dzekutsigira dziri pedyo zvakanyanya, kushandisa bvunzo sezvakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa kunogona kuoma. Panyaya iyi, mutoro wakapetwa kaviri unogona kuiswa panzvimbo ine daro rakapetwa kaviri pamutsetse unobatanidza nzvimbo mbiri dzekutsigira.
b) Pazvikero zvine mapoinzi ekutsigira mana kana mashoma (N ≤ 4): Mutoro washandiswa unofanira kuenzana nechikamu chimwe chete kubva muzvitatu chehukuru hwechikero.
Zviremu zvinofanirwa kushandiswa zvakatevedzana munzvimbo inenge yakaenzana ne1/4 ye load receptor, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 1 kana chimiro chakaenzana neMufananidzo 1.
Pachikero cherori chine matani zana chine hurefu hwemamita matatu negumi nemasere, panowanzova nemaseru masere ekutakura zvinhu. Kugovanisa mutoro wese zvakaenzana, matani zana kusvika gumi nemana (anenge matani gumi nemana) anofanira kuiswa panzvimbo imwe neimwe yekutsigira. Zvakaoma zvikuru kuisa matani gumi nemana euremu panzvimbo imwe neimwe yekutsigira. Kunyangwe kana huremu huchigona kuiswa pamwe chete, kurodha nekuburitsa zvinhu zvakakura kudaro kakawanda kunoda basa guru.
3. Nzira yekusimbisa Kurodha vs. Kurodha Chaiko Kwekushanda
Kubva pamaonero enzira dzekutakudza, kusimbiswa kwezvikero zverori kwakafanana nekwezvikero zvidiki. Zvisinei, panguva yekusimbiswa kwezvikero zverori panzvimbo, huremu hunowanzo kusimudzwa uye kuiswa zvakananga papuratifomu yechikero, zvakafanana nemaitiro anoshandiswa panguva yekuyedzwa kwefekitori. Nzira iyi yekushandisa mutoro yakasiyana zvakanyanya nekushanda chaiko kwekutakudzwa kwerori. Kuiswa zvakananga kwezvikero zvakasimudzwa papuratifomu yechikero hakuburitse masimba ekukanganisa akatwasuka, hakubati zvishandiso zvekumira zvechikero divi kana kuti longitudinal, uye zvinoita kuti zviome kuona mhedzisiro yenzira dzekupinda/kubuda dzakatwasuka uye zvishandiso zvekumira zvelongitudinal kumativi ese echikero pakushanda kwekuyera.
Muchokwadi, kusimbiswa kwekushanda kwemetrological uchishandisa nzira iyi hakuratidzi zvizere mashandiro ari mumamiriro chaiwo ekushanda. Kusimbiswa kwakavakirwa chete pane iyi nzira yekurodha isina mumiriri hakugone kuona mashandiro echokwadi emetrological mumamiriro chaiwo ekushanda.
Sekureva kweJJG 539-2016Mutemo wekusimbisayeZviyero Zvinoratidza Dhijitari, kushandisa zviyero zvakajairika kana zviyero zvakajairika pamwe nezvimwe zvinotsiva kuti usimbise zviyero zvakakura kunosanganisira matambudziko makuru, anosanganisira: Basa guru rekushanda, Kushanda nesimba kwakanyanya, Mutengo wekutakura zvinhu zvinorema wakakwira, Nguva refu yekusimbisa, Njodzi dzekuchengetedzanezvimwewo.Zvinhu izvi zvinokonzera matambudziko makuru ekuongorora panzvimbo yacho. Muna 2011, Fujian Institute of Metrology yakatora chirongwa chenyika chekugadzira zvishandiso zvesainzi zvakakosha.Kugadzira uye Kushandiswa kweZvishandiso zvekuyera mutoro zvine hungwaru zvakanyanya zvezviyero zvekuyeraChishandiso chekuyera mutoro cheWeighing Scale chakagadzirwa chishandiso chekusimbisa chakazvimirira chinoenderana neOIML R76, chinoita kuti pave nekusimbisa kwakarurama, nekukurumidza, uye zviri nyore kwechero nzvimbo yekuremerwa, kusanganisira zvinhu zvekusimbisa zvese, nezvimwe zvinhu zvekusimbisa zvemarori emagetsi. Zvichibva pachishandiso ichi, JJG 1118-2015Mutemo wekusimbisayeZviyero zveRori reMagetsi (Nzira yekuyera Mutoro weZvishandiso)yakatanga kushanda zviri pamutemo musi wa24 Mbudzi, 2015.
Nzira dzese dzekusimbisa dzine zvadzinobatsira nezvadzisina, uye sarudzo inofanira kuitwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo.
Zvakanakira nekuipira kwemitemo miviri yekusimbisa:
JJG 539-2016 Zvakanakira: 1. Inoshandisa zvinhu zvinorema kana zvinotsiva zviri nani pane M2 class,zvichibvumira chikamu chekusimbisa che zvikero zvemota zvemagetsi zvinosvika 500–10,000.2. Zvishandiso zvakajairika zvine nguva yekuongorora yegore rimwe, uye kuteverwa kwezvishandiso zvakajairika kunogona kuitwa munharaunda kumasangano emetrology emakanzuru kana edunhu.
Zvakashata: Basa rakakura kwazvo uye simba guru revashandi; Mutengo mukuru wekutakura, kuburitsa, uye kutakura zvinorema; Kushanda zvishoma uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwekuchengetedza; Nguva yakareba yekusimbisa; kunyatsotevedzera mitemo kunogona kuoma mukuita.
JJG 1118 Zvakanakira: 1. Chishandiso chekuyera mutoro weWeighing Scale pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutakurwa kuenda kunzvimbo yacho nemota imwe chete ine maekisero maviri.2. Kushanda nesimba kwakaderera, mutengo wakaderera wekutakura mutoro, kushanda zvakanaka kwekusimbisa, kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchengetedza, uye nguva pfupi yekusimbisa.3. Hapana chikonzero chekuburitsa/kurodhazve zvinhu kuti zviongororwe.
Zvakashata: 1. Uchishandisa Electronic Truck Scale (Nzira yekuyera mutoro),chikamu chekusimbisa chinogona kusvika 500–3,000 chete.2. Chikero chemotokari yemagetsi chinofanira kuisa mudziyo wesimba rekuitae (danda re cantilever) rakabatana nemapango (angave mapango ekongiri akasimbiswa kana mapango esimbi anofambiswa).3. Pakugadzwa kwenyaya kana kuongororwa kwepamutemo, kusimbiswa kunofanirwa kutevedzera JJG 539 uchishandisa zviyero zvakajairika sechishandiso chekutarisa. 4. Zvishandiso zvakajairika zvine mwedzi mitanhatu yekuongorora, uye masangano mazhinji emetrology ematunhu kana emaguta haana kuratidza kuti zviyero izvi zvinoteverwa here; kutevedza kunofanirwa kuwanikwa kubva kumasangano ane hunyanzvi.
JJG 1118-2015 inoshandisa mudziyo wekusimbisa wakazvimirira unokurudzirwa neOIML R76, uye inoshanda sekuwedzera kune nzira yekusimbisa yezvikero zvemagetsi zverori muJJG 539-1997.Inoshanda pazvikero zvemota dzemagetsi zvine simba guru ≥ 30 t, chikamu chekusimbisa ≤ 3,000, pamatanho epakati nepakati ekururama kana enguva dzose. Hazvishande kune masikero erori ane marori akawanda, akawanda-siyana, kana emagetsi ane michina yekuratidza yakareba.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-26-2025